Discussion on the development of pharmaceutical e-commerce logistics under the "two-vote system"

Under the influence of the “two-vote system”, the pharmaceutical circulation model has ended the multi-level distribution business model. The flattening of the circulation link has brought about the integration of circulation business. In this context, exploring new logistics models can broaden the business space. Save logistics costs and improve service levels. Starting from the "two-vote system", this paper explores e-commerce logistics under the e-commerce model of the pharmaceutical industry, and extends the pharmaceutical industry to the feasibility of pharmaceutical e-commerce through the application of the "honeycomb system" in the e-commerce industry.

The e-commerce model is constantly being carried out in all walks of life, and the pharmaceutical wholesale logistics is still self-styled. Under the rise of Internet e-commerce medicines such as Ali Pharmacy, pharmaceutical wholesale logistics can only maintain online competitiveness in the current Internet era, while maintaining offline sales, and can maintain its competitiveness in the current Internet era. The model is now the path that pharmaceutical logistics should actively explore.

First, the status quo of the pharmaceutical circulation market

1. The scale of the pharmaceutical circulation market

For several consecutive years, China's pharmaceutical industry has maintained rapid growth. From 2011 to 2016, the scale of sales of pharmaceutical products in China has steadily expanded, and the annual growth rate has remained above double digits.

In 2016, the total sales of pharmaceutical products in China was 1,839.3 billion yuan, an increase of 10.4% compared with the incomparable factors, and the growth rate was 0.2 percentage points higher than the previous year. According to China Industry Research Institute, China's pharmaceutical market will reach 120 billion US dollars in two years, which will surpass the United States to become the world's largest pharmaceutical market.

According to the statistics of the Prospective Industry Research Institute, there are about 13,000 pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises in China, which is 0.3 million fewer than in 2011. However, compared with the United States, the number is still very large. There are only 200 in the United States and the top four companies. Sales accounted for 85% of the total sales of pharmaceutical wholesalers in the United States. In contrast, China's top three wholesale enterprises accounted for 35.8% of the total pharmaceutical circulation market, while the top 100 pharmaceutical wholesale companies had a market share of only 70.9%, which has not yet caught up with the top four pharmaceutical companies in the United States. Occupation rate.

Compared with developed countries such as the United States, although there are several industry giants in China's pharmaceutical logistics industry, overall, it is still a large number of enterprises, small scale, and low intensification.

2. Problems with the original circulation model

The huge scale of pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises has enabled China to form a multi-level distribution of pharmaceutical circulation models.

Under the influence of this, the circulation of medicines is as many as 6 to 7 links, while in the United States and other developed countries, there are only 2 to 3 links in circulation. The high cost of circulation in China directly leads to an increase in drug prices. In addition, the Chinese pharmaceutical industry has a multi-level distribution model, resulting in many unnecessary circulation links.

3. Problems caused by multi-level distribution

(1) The circulation cost is too high

Excessive circulation has led to excessive cost of pharmaceutical circulation. The average yield of Chinese pharmaceutical wholesale is 10.43%, the average expense rate is close to 9.48%, and the net profit margin is less than 0.6%; the profit margin of China's wholesale enterprises has dropped from 1.3% to 0.59%; and the wholesale enterprises in the United States can reach 2 %about. And the average logistics cost of China's pharmaceutical industry accounts for about 7% more than the United States, up to 10%.

(2) Information asymmetry between supply chain enterprises

There are too many upstream and downstream enterprises in the pharmaceutical supply chain, which leads to information asymmetry between upstream enterprises and downstream enterprises, and the resulting cost is high. Poor communication of information leads to uncertain risks in market demand, which will be borne by each pharmaceutical distribution company. Even if it maintains a high level of safety stock, it is difficult to improve the timeliness of pharmaceutical distribution.

(3) "bullwhip effect" brings inventory backlog

The information asymmetry between the various links of pharmaceutical circulation has led to the “bullwhip effect”. The small changes in the demand for the pharmaceutical market have been amplified step by step through the various stages of drug circulation, resulting in a backlog of drug circulation enterprises.

In order to solve the above problems, the country started from the root cause, and began to implement the medical and health system reform of the drug information traceability mechanism in 2016, requiring a “two-vote system” policy of invoicing from production to circulation and from circulation to medical institutions, tightening the tradition. The intermediate link in the pharmaceutical supply chain. The impact of the "two-vote system" on the mode of medical distribution allocation